This part of ISO/IEC 18033 specifies block ciphers. A block cipher maps blocks of n bits to blocks of n bits, under the control of a key of k bits. A total of seven different block ciphers are defined.
ISO/IEC 18033-2:2006 specifies encryption systems (ciphers) for the purpose of data confidentiality.
This part of ISO/IEC 18033 is general in nature, and provides definitions that apply in subsequent parts of this International Standard. The nature of encryption is introduced, and certain general aspects of its use and properties are described. The criteria used to select the algorithms specified in subsequent parts of this International Standard are defined in Annexes A and B.
ISO/IEC 18384-1 establishes vocabulary, guidelines, and general technical principles underlying service oriented architecture (SOA), including principles relating to functional design, performance, development, deployment, and management.
ISO/IEC 17789 specifies the cloud computing reference architecture (CCRA). The reference architecture includes the cloud computing roles, cloud computing activities, and the cloud computing functional components and their relationships.
ISO/IEC 18384-3 defines a formal ontology for service-oriented architecture (SOA), an architectural style that supports service orientation. The terms defined in this ontology are key terms from the vocabulary in ISO/IEC 18384-1.
ISO/IEC 18384-2 describes a Reference Architecture for SOA Solutions which applies to functional design, performance, development, deployment and management of SOA Solutions. It includes a domain-independent framework, addressing functional requirements and non-functional requirements, as well as capabilities and best practices to support those requirements.
My fellowship addresses three critical gaps in the European AI standardization landscape: The first gap concerns the harmonisation of Documentation Development, as there is an urgent need for technical documentation (Annex ZA, HAS checklists) to connect developing standards with AI Act requirements following the M/593 request. Without this work, standards risk delayed OJEU citation, creating regulatory uncertainty. I've worked on developing preliminary harmonization documents for JT021008 (Trustworthiness), JT021039 (QMS), and JT021024 (Risk Management). The second gap is related to cross-Standard Technical Coherence. As multiple AI standards are developed simultaneously, it creates potential inconsistencies in terminology, requirements, and implementation approaches. I've created mapping documents highlighting interconnections between standards, particularly focusing on how QMS requirements interface with other M/593 standards, to ensure a coherent framework. The third gap focuses on the alignment with EU AI Act Articles, as technical specifications in draft standards must precisely align with AI Act articles to support regulatory compliance. I have contributed targeted technical refinements to clauses 6.4 (transparency) and 6.5 (human oversight) in the Trustworthiness Framework to strengthen alignment with Articles 13 and 14 of the AI Act.
I addressed priorities and gaps on three specific AI areas, including:
The priority aims to support the development of European and international standards for DLT/blockchain technologies to ensure transparency in sustainable financing. This contribution brings together the financial, reporting and new technologies to address the gaps between these three sectors.
The challenge for sustainable finance is to minimise the risk of 'greenwashing’ and provide better reporting for the Sustainability sector, ESG investment and Net Zero climate goals and new EU Reporting regulations.
It includes standards development to combine blockchain/DLT Use Cases reflecting sustainable solutions, while the sustainable finance standards cover Terminology and reporting guidelines, and the financial services consider digital currencies and tokenisation.
This contribution aligns with the European Standardisation initiatives, including the effective delivery of ESG investment strategy and Net Zero climate goals, along with the new EU Climate and Sustainable Reporting legislation in 2024 /2025.
