ISO/IEC

This document specifies the method of motion capture animation using H-Anim humanoid models. Each humanoid model consists of an articulated character with specified joints and motion capture data. As specified in ISO/IEC 19774-1, each character consists of joints and segments in a hierarchical structure. This document includes the following:(1) Concepts of motion capture as related to humanoid animation,(2) Concepts of motion capture data definition,(3) Definition of motion parameters and motion-capture animation data for transferring or exchanging motion between different humanoid character models,(4) Mapping the structure of motion capture data to the structure of H-Anim objects,(5) HAnim motion capture animation using interpolators,(6) HAnim motion definition using H-Anim Motion objects, and(7) A method for generating and specifying an H-Anim motion capture animation.This document specifies a standard technique for exchanging humanoid animation using motion capture. It does not mandate using any specific run-time system to render the H-Anim characters or animations.

This document specifies a systematic system for representing humanoids in a network-enabled 3D graphics and multimedia environment. Conceptually, each humanoid is an articulated character that can be embedded in different representation systems and animated using the facilities provided by the representation system. This document specifies the abstract form and structure of humanoids. Further, this document specifies the semantics of humanoid animation as an abstract functional behaviour of time-based, interactive 3D, multimedia articulated characters. This document does not define physical shapes for such characters but does specify how such characters can be structured for animation. This document is intended for a wide variety of presentation systems and applications, providing wide latitude in interpretation and implementation of the functionality.

This document is intended to provide a generic extensible full body image data format for biometric recognition applications requiring exchange of human full body image data. Typical applications are: a) automated body biometric verification and identification of an unknown individual or cadaver (one-to-one as well as one-to-many comparison);b) support for human verification of identity by comparison of individuals against full body images; andc) support for human examination of full body images with sufficient resolution to allow a human examiner to verify identity or identify a living individual or a cadaver.This document ensures that full human body images and image sequence data generated by video surveillance and other similar systems are suitable for identification and verification. The structure of the data format in this document is compatible with ISO/IEC 39794-5. In addition to the data format, this document specifies application-specific profiles including scene constraints, photographic properties and digital image attributes like image spatial sampling rate, image size, etc. These application profiles are contained in a series of annexes. The 3D encoding types "3D point map" and "range image" are not supported by this document.

This document describes guidelines for developing education and training systems using VR/AR/MR technology. It defines VR/AR/MR based information modelling that can be used for education and training systems. It provides procedures and methods to be used when developing 3D VR/AR/MR based education and training systems using ISO/IEC JTC 1 standards. It also provides a systematic approach to developing VR/AR/MR based applications for systems integration areas. This work will:- define concepts of VR/AR/MR based education and training.- define an information modelling architecture for VR/AR/MR based education and training systems.- specify standards based functional components for VR/AR/MR based education and training systems.- specify framework components for implementing VR/AR/MR based education and training systems.- include use cases for VR/AR/MR based education and training systems based on the information modelling architecture.Device hardware technology for VR/AR/MR based education and training systems is excluded from this draft.

ISO/IEC 29115:2013 provides a framework for managing entity authentication assurance in a given context. In particular, it:- specifies four levels of entity authentication assurance;- specifies criteria and guidelines for achieving each of the four levels of entity authentication assurance;- provides guidance for mapping other authentication assurance schemes to the four LoAs;- provides guidance for exchanging the results of authentication that are based on the four LoAs; and- provides guidance concerning controls that should be used to mitigate authentication threats.

This document specifies an image-based representation model that represents target objects/environments using a set of images and optionally the underlying 3D model for accurate and efficient objects/environments representation at an arbitrary viewpoint. It is applicable to a wide range of graphic, virtual reality and mixed reality applications which require the method of representing a scene with various objects and environments. This document:(1) defines terms for image-based representation and 3D reconstruction techniques;(2) specifies the required elements for image-based representation;(3) specifies a method of representing the real world in the virtual space based on image-based representation;(4) specifies how visible image patches can be integrated with the underlying 3D model for more accurate and rich objects/environments representation from arbitrary viewpoints;(5) specifies how the proposed model allows multi-object representation; and(6) provides an XML based specification of the proposed representation model and an actual implementation example (see Annex A).

This document specifies:- physical and material parameters of virtual or real objects expressed to support comprehensive haptic rendering methods, such as stiffness, friction and micro-textures; and- a flexible specification of the haptic rendering algorithm itself. It supplements other standards that describe scene or content description and information models for virtual and mixed reality, such as ISO/IEC 19775 and ISO/IEC 3721-1.

This document specifies the syntax, semantics and decoding for visual volumetric media using video‑based coding methods. This document also specifies processes that can be needed for reconstruction of visual volumetric media, which can also include additional processes such as post‑decoding, pre-reconstruction, post‑reconstruction and adaptation.

ISO/IEC 14772, the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML), defines a file format that integrates 3D graphics and multimedia. Conceptually, each VRML file is a 3D time-based space that contains graphic and aural objects that can be dynamically modified through a variety of mechanisms. This part of ISO/IEC 14772 defines a primary set of objects and mechanisms that encourage composition, encapsulation, and extension. The semantics of VRML describe an abstract functional behaviour of time-based, interactive 3D, multimedia information. ISO/IEC 14772 does not define physical devices or any other implementation-dependent concepts (e.g., screen resolution and input devices). ISO/IEC 14772 is intended for a wide variety of devices and applications, and provides wide latitude in interpretation and implementation of the functionality. For example, ISO/IEC 14772 does not assume the existence of a mouse or 2D display device. Each VRML file:a. implicitly establishes a world coordinate space for all objects defined in the file, as well as all objects included by the file;b. explicitly defines and composes a set of 3D and multimedia objects;c. can specify hyperlinks to other files and applications; andd. can define object behaviours.An important characteristic of VRML files is the ability to compose files together through inclusion and to relate files together through hyperlinking. For example, consider the file earth.wrl which specifies a world that contains a sphere representing the earth. This file may also contain references to a variety of other VRML files representing cities on the earth (e.g., fileparis.wrl). The enclosing file, earth.wrl, defines the coordinate system that all the cities reside in. Each city file defines the world coordinate system that the city resides in but that becomes a local coordinate system when contained by the earth file. Hierarchical file inclusion enables the creation of arbitrarily large, dynamic worlds. Therefore, VRML ensures that each file is completely described by the objects contained within it. Another essential characteristic of VRML is that it is intended to be used in a distributed environment such as the World Wide Web. There are various objects and mechanisms built into the language that support multiple distributed files, including:a. in-lining of other VRML files;b. hyperlinking to other files;c. using established Internet and ISO standards for other file formats; andd. defining a compact syntax.

The objective of this document is to propose an extension to the existing standard for the information model for representing the mixed and augmented reality scene/contents description, namely:1) Extending the existing and conventional constructs for representing the virtual reality scene graph and structure such that a comprehensive range of mixed and augmented reality contents can also be represented.2) As part of the extension, representing physical objects in the mixed and augmented reality scene targeted for augmentation.3) As part of the extension, representing physical objects as augmentation to other (virtual or physical) objects in the mixed and augmented reality scene.4) Providing ways to spatially associate aforementioned physical objects with the corresponding target objects (virtual or physical) in the mixed and augmented reality scene.5) Other necessary functionalities and abstractions that will support the dynamic MAR scene description such as event/data mapping, and dynamic augmentation behaviours.6) Describing the association between these constructs and the MAR system which is responsible for taking and interpreting this information model and rendering/presenting it out through the MAR display device.The document also provides definitions for terms as related to these MAR content informational components and their attributes. The target audience of this document are mainly MAR system developers and contents designers interested in specifying MAR contents to be played by an MAR system or browser. The standard will provide a basis for further application standards or file formats for any virtual and mixed reality applications and content representation. The extension will be self-contained in the sense that it is independent from the existing virtual reality information constructs, focusing only on the mixed and augmented reality aspects. However, this document only proposes the information model, and neither promotes nor proposes to use a specific language, file format, algorithm, device, implementation method, and standard. The proposed model is to be considered as the minimal basic model that can be extended for other purposed in actual implementation.

The technologies of this document specified are:- Description languages and vocabularies to characterize devices and users;- Control information to fine tune the sensed information and the actuator command for the control of virtual/real worlds, i.e., user's actuation preference information, user's sensor preference information, actuator capability description, and sensor capability description. The adaptation engine is not within the scope of this document. This document specifies syntax and semantics of the tools required to provide interoperability in controlling devices (actuators and sensors) in real as well as virtual worlds: Control Information Description Language (CIDL) as an XML schema-based language which enables one to describe a basic structure of control information;- Device Capability Description Vocabulary (DCDV), an XML representation for describing capabilities of actuators such as lamps, fans, vibrators, motion chairs, scent generators, etc.;- Sensor Capability Description Vocabulary (SCDV), interfaces for describing capabilities of sensors such as a light sensor, a temperature sensor, a velocity sensor, a global position sensor, an intelligent camera sensor, etc.;- Sensory Effect Preference Vocabulary (SEPV), interfaces for describing preferences of individual user on specific sensorial effects such as light, wind, scent, vibration, etc.; and- Sensor Adaptation Preference Vocabulary (SAPV), interfaces for describing preferences on a sensor of an individual user on each type of sensed information.

The technologies specified in this document are description languages and vocabularies which describe sensorial effects. The adaptation engine is not within the scope of this document (or the ISO/IEC 23005 series). This document specifies syntax and semantics of the tools describing sensory information to enrich audio-visual contents: Sensory Effect Description Language (SEDL) as an XML schema-based language which enables one to describe a basic structure of sensory information; Sensory Effect Vocabulary (SEV), an XML representation for describing sensorial effects such as light, wind, fog, vibration, etc. that trigger human senses.