ISO/IEC 14496-16:2011 specifies MPEG-4 Animation Framework eXtension (AFX) model for representing and encoding 3D graphics assets to be used standalone or integrated in interactive multimedia presentations (the latter when combined with other parts of MPEG-4). Within this model, MPEG-4 is extended with higher-level synthetic objects for geometry, texture, and animation as well as dedicated compressed representations.
ISO/IEC 14496-27:2009 specifies how tests can be designed to verify whether compressed data (i.e. bitstreams) and decoders meet the requirements for the synthetic 3D graphics tools specified in ISO/IEC 14496‑11:2005, ISO/IEC 14496‑16:2006, ISO/IEC 14496‑21:2006, and ISO/IEC 14496‑25:2009. ISO/IEC 14496-27:2009 does not specifically address encoders. As far as synthetic 3D graphics are concerned, an encoder can be said to be an ISO/IEC 14496 encoder if it generates compressed data compliant with the syntactic and semantic bitstream payload requirements specified in ISO/IEC 14496‑11, ISO/IEC 14496‑16, ISO/IEC 14496‑21, and ISO/IEC 14496‑25. Characteristics of coded bitstreams and decoders are defined for ISO/IEC 14496‑11, ISO/IEC 14496‑16, ISO/IEC 14496‑21, and ISO/IEC 14496‑25. The characteristics of a bitstream define the subset of the standard that is exploited in the bitstream. Examples are the applied values or range of the bitrate. Decoder characteristics define the properties and capabilities of the applied decoding process. An example of a property is the applied arithmetic accuracy. The capabilities of a decoder specify which coded bitstreams the decoder can decode and reconstruct, by defining the subset of the standard that may be exploited in decodable bitstreams. A bitstream can be decoded by a decoder if the characteristics of the coded bitstream are within the subset of the normative references. ISO/IEC 14496-27:2009 describes procedures for testing conformance of compressed data and decoders to the requirements defined in ISO/IEC 14496‑11, ISO/IEC 14496‑16, ISO/IEC 14496‑21, and ISO/IEC 14496‑25; given the set of characteristics claimed, the requirements that shall be met are fully determined by these parts. ISO/IEC 14496-27:2009 summarizes the requirements, cross references them to characteristics, and defines how conformance with them can be tested. Guidelines are given on constructing tests to verify decoder conformance.
ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 specifies a metadata system for describing multimedia content. ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 specifies the Multimedia Description Schemes (MDS) description tools (Description Schemes, Descriptors, and datatypes) that comprise ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 by specifying the normative syntax of each description tool using Description Definition Language (DDL) (see ISO/IEC 15938-2) and the normative semantics including semantics of each component of each description tool (attributes and elements). ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 also provides informative examples that illustrate the instantiation of description tools in creating descriptions conforming to ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003.ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 defines the following basic elements: schema tools (the root element, top-level types, description metadata, and packages), basic datatypes (integers, reals, vectors, matrices), linking and media localization tools (spatial and temporal localization), basic description tools (language, text, classification schemes). ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 defines the following content description tools, which describe the features of the multimedia content and the immutable metadata related to the multimedia content: structure description tools (spatio-temporal segments of multimedia content) and semantic description tools (""real-world"" semantics related to or captured by the multimedia content, including objects, events, concepts, and so forth). ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 defines additionally the following description tools for content metadata: media description (storage format, encoding), creation and production (title, creator, classification, purpose), and usage (access rights, publication). The content description and metadata tools are related in the sense that the content description tools use the content metadata tools. For example, a description of creation and production or media information can be attached to an individual video or video segment in order to describe the structure and creation and production of the multimedia content. ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 also defines description tools for navigation and access (browsing, summarization), content organization (collections and models), and user interaction (user preferences pertaining to consumption of multimedia and usage history). Finally, ISO/IEC 15938-5:2003 defines classification schemes, which organize terms that are used by the description tools.
This document specifies extensions to existing scene description formats in order to support MPEG media, in particular immersive media. MPEG media includes but is not limited to media encoded with MPEG codecs, media stored in MPEG containers, MPEG media and application formats as well as media provided through MPEG delivery mechanisms. Extensions include scene description format syntax and semantics and the processing model when using these extensions by a Presentation Engine. It also defines a Media Access Function (MAF) API for communication between the Presentation Engine and the Media Access Function for these extensions. While the extensions defined in this document can be applicable to other scene description formats, they are provided for ISO/IEC 12113.
ISO/IEC TR 15938-8:2002 forms an informative part of ISO/IEC 15938 on extraction and use of metadata descriptions for multimedia content. ISO/IEC TR 15938-8:2002 provides two types of information: informative examples that illustrate the instantiation of description tools in creating descriptions conforming to ISO/IEC 15938; and detailed technical information on extracting descriptions automatically from multimedia content and using them in multimedia applications. ISO/IEC TR 15938-8:2002 is a companion for ISO/IEC 15938-3 (Visual) and ISO/IEC 15938-5 (Multimedia Description Schemes), which provide normative definitions of the description tools. Effort has been made in this Technical Report to preserve the subclause numbering of ISO/IEC 15938-3 and ISO/IEC 15938-5 to allow easy mapping of the information on extraction and use with those technical specifications.
This standard provides a framework for the implementation, and interaction utilizing Web 3.0 (Web3) in healthcare and life sciences involving privacy challenges. Web 3.0 represents the next iteration of the evolution of the web and is built upon the core concepts of decentralization, openness, and greater user utility. Digital Ledger Technology (DLT) tokens, smart contracts, transactions, assets, networks, off-chain data storage and access architectural patterns, and Web3 permissioned and permission-less DLT are included in the framework.
This document identifies technical requirements for information exchange between entities within the reference architecture. The requirements for information exchange in the following networks are within the scope of this document:- user network that connects the user entity and the digital twin entity;- service network that connects sub-entities within the digital twin entity;- access network that connects the device communication entity to the digital twin entity and to the user entity; and- proximity network that connects the device communication entity to the observable manufacturing elements.
This part of ISO 29481 specifies:- a methodology that links the business processes undertaken during the construction of built facilities with the specification of information that is required by these processes, and- a way to map and describe the information processes across the life cycle of construction works.This part of ISO 29481 is intended to facilitate interoperability between software applications used during all stages of the life cycle of construction works, including briefing, design, documentation, construction, operation and maintenance, and demolition. It promotes digital collaboration between actors in the construction process and provides a basis for accurate, reliable, repeatable and high-quality information exchange.
The standard establishes access control requirements for blockchain systems. The standard addresses the following access control attributes of the system, including but not limited to:a) Node permissions - the permissions of block generation, block synchronization, block verification and broadcasting, and sending transactions.b) Smart contract access permissions - interface access control, user access control, and hybrid access control.c) User permissions - registered user permissions and unregistered permissions. The concept of role is applied to differentiate the permissions of registered users, which means permissions vary according to the role of a user.d) Global permissions - user access to deploy smart contracts, and to read smart contracts.
This standard defines the types of occupations, competency requirements, and evaluation methods of blockchain and distributed ledger technology for service practitioners, including but not limited to competency elements, evaluated process, and employment grade. This standard applies to the ability evaluation and training of blockchain and distributed ledger technology service practitioners.
This standard defines a set of protocols that enable Blockchain networks to locate each other's trusted nodes through standardized names. The set of protocols define a naming scheme, an interface for name registration, and the data format that request and response messages use to resolve names.
The technical architecture and details of three cross-chain approaches is described in this standard, including Centralized/Multi-signature Notary-based cross-chain technology, HTLC-based cross chain technology and Relay Chain-based cross-chain technology.